Previous publications modified electrode surfaces with different bioreceptors as antibodies, aptamers, or bacteriophages 14, 15, 16.
A change is reflected in the electrical characteristic of the EGFET. The negative charge on the surface of bonded E. coli cells might have an impact on the electrode’s surface potential. The sensing area of an EGFET is functionalized by modified porphyrins and further covered with a liquid containing bacteria. coli K12 cells without an extensive sample preparation. Our work focuses on a label-free detection of whole E. 9 documented an extended-gate FET (EGFET) to detect cortisol in human sweat. 10 published a side-gated FET to detect hybridized desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). In the last years, the amount of published extended-gate or floating-gate field-effect transistors (FET) as biosensors has seen an increase 6, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. Fatal infections as tuberculosis or HIV can be drastically reduced in developing countries 8. Biosensors can be used at doctor’s practice and enable a fast diagnostic with a subsequent therapy. In contrast, biosensors based on bioelectronics have a fast response, improve the sensitivity, and even reduce the sample volume drastically compared to traditional sensing technologies 6, 7. PCR has a high sensitivity and accuracy but requires a large quantity of materials, educated personnel, and time 5. ELISA profits from a fast response but errors in the detection process are possible 4. Common detection methods can be enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Therefore, it is essential to detect pathogenic organisms at an early stage. But, as a consequence, an increase of resistant germs is observed 3. Many infections can be treated with suitable antibiotics. Escherichia coli (E. coli) or Staphylococcus aureus are causing, inter alia, diarrhea, anemia, or kidney failure. Nevertheless, the few pathogenic microorganisms can threaten human’s health dramatically 2.
Bacteria are often seen as pathogenic organisms but essential functions, for instance in healthcare and food safety, cannot be solved without microorganisms 1, 2.
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